The Western Subjectivity Thought :: Philosophy Papers

The Western Subjectivity sightSince modern times subjectivity thought has been one of the fundamental circumscribe and the significant achievements of western philosophy. It is faced with many difficulties in its development mold and has been decl ared to have died, but I think that it indeed placid has bright prospects of development.1. Historical Development of Western Subjectivity ThoughtThe excogitate subject comes from the Latin word subjectum , which means something in front, or something constituting the foundations of early(a) things. In Greek philosophy, at least in Aristotles philosophy, subject is non a philosophical category which belongs specially to human being being or a person, but something which is opposite to attribute or contingency, and is opposite to inform of a sentence. Such a subject is likewise a centerfield in Aristotles philosophy. For Aristotle, Socrates is a subject, a dog or a scar also is a subject. Up to Descartes age, the conception of s ubject as a philosophy category belonging to human being does non see over the general conception of substance.In Descartes philosophy, what is called subject means ego, person or mind. Ego, soul or mind, like a solid body, is a kind of substance, but is different from the latter in essence. The essence of material substance is extension, whereas the essence of ego, soul or mind is thinking. Ego is not but different from the material substance in essence, but also does not come from the latter. What does he call I think, therefore I am does mean that. It clearly puts forward the subjectivity question of human being.However because Descartes puts forward his theory of the subjectivity of human being deep down the framework of his mind-body dualism, his conception of the subjectivity of human being as such(prenominal) can not possibly contain any further and deeper intention. They are Leibniz, Kant and Husserl and so on who endow it some further and deeper intention.The monadolo gy of Leibniz not only calls monad as soul or entelechy, and considers the perceptive activity as the essential content of a monad, but also clearly declares that a manod is a center of metaphysical force, it has no any windows but as such possesses a kind of appetition force which promotes the transition of a monad from the read of less clear perception to the state of clearer perception , and it is a mirror of the whole universe. All of these enable the ego (the subject) in Descartes philosophy to find out a kind of new active quality.